THE DEVIL’S MUSIC – ROCK 'n' Roll's Romance with the occult 
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Rock n roll has always been the devils music, the antithesis of what good God fearing, law abiding family folk would want to hear. Those dangerous, blatantly sexual hoodoo voodoo rhythms were bound to corrupt your soul, lead you into a dissolute lifestyle fuelled on booze and drugs. Loose women were there around every corner. While some believe that the road of excess leads to the palace of wisdom, for many, the road of rock n roll will lead to damnation. And it all started with a painfully shy young man from
Hazlehurst, Mississippi.

Robert Johnson was probably born on May 8, 1911
. His father was a well to do landowner and furniture maker. After a short spell in Memphis the family relocated and Roberts fate was sealed when he chanced upon blues musician Son House who had moved to Robinsonville where his musical partner Willie Brown already lived. According to the legend, Johnson followed House around, trying to learn as much of his guitar playing style as possible, but by all accounts, he wasn’t great. Then he suddenly disappeared, only to return a few months later, blowing everybody's mind with his miraculous guitar technique. And so the story goes, that Robert Johnson, in some diabolical pact, sold his soul to the devil at the cross roads in return for his musical talents. And why not ? If your playing the devils music, might as well ask the gentleman for a few favours along the way.

Jimmy Page from Led Zeppelin is a man very much influenced by the playing of Robert Johnson. Today, listening to Johnson, the sound he makes is far removed from what we expect the blues to be. The rhythms and phrasing is complex yet primitive. He sounds closer to African folk music than the blues, and Eric Clapton (a huge fan) claims he was scared by Johnson's records when he first heard them. Page was possibly drawn to Johnson too because of the legend. A shady character, there are only two known photos of Johnson, both remained undiscovered until the 1980’s. Only 29 songs of his were ever recorded and his life story remains clouded in mystery. A hard drinking womanizer, even his death is like something from a Shakespearian tragedy; poisoned after a gig by a jealous husband. Page of course himself, is a man with a rather shady past. Amongst other things, he was and is a student and fan of Aleister Crowley (1875-1945).

Crowley, AKA The Great Beast 666 was an occultist, drug addict, mountaineer, poet and painter, and is the grandfather of modern magic, or magick as he liked to spell it. Without him, the 20th century renaissance in magic / witchcraft / sorcery would not have been possible. He was the first to live the rock n roll lifestyle, decades before the liberated 60’s. Sex, drugs and Magick, were his lot. He was dubbed the wickedest man in the world by the popular press in his hey day, and even deported from Sicily by Mussolini.
Fiercely anti-Christian, Crowley loved nothing better than shocking the general public, whom he despised as simple-minded sheep. In The World’s Tragedy he wrote
"I do not wish to argue the doctrines of Jesus, they and they alone, have degraded the world to it's present condition. I take it that Christianity is not only the cause but the symptom of slavery."

In his Confessions he said
"I simply went over to Satan’s side; and to this hour I cannot tell why. But I found myself passionately eager to serve my new master. I was not content to believe in a personal devil and serve him, in the ordinary sense of the word. I wanted to get hold of him personally and become his chief of staff."

Of course Crowley no more believed in a literal Satan or the Devil than he did in Santa. To the initiated he was having a laugh, but he certainly took his magick, and the gods seriously. Likewise, the ‘devil’ that Robert Johnson may or may not have invoked at the crossroads was most likely Papa Legba, a trickster god of African origin. Legba is to be found at a spiritual crossroads and
gives (or denies) permission to speak with the spirits. In Nigeria Legba is viewed as young and virile and is often horned and ithyphallic. Sounds a lot like Old Nick himself !

Page not only amassed a vast collection of Crowley memorabilia, but went as far as buying The Beast’s old house Boleskine, which overlooks Lough Ness in Scotland.

Crowley had purchased the house in 1899 in order to perform the operation known as The Knowledge And Conversation of the Holy Guardian Angel, which is found in The Book of the Sacred Magick of Abra-Melin the Mage. In order to perform it, Crowley wrote,
’One must have a house where proper precautions against disturbance can be taken; this being arranged, there is really nothing to do but to aspire with increasing fervour and concentration, for six months, towards the obtaining of the Knowledge and Conversation of the Holy Guardian Angel.’

In his autobiography Confessions (Ch. 22), he continues ‘The first essential is a house in a more or less secluded situation. There should be a door opening to the north from the room of which you make your oratory. Outside this door, you construct a terrace covered with fine river sand. This ends in a "lodge" where the spirits may congregate.’

Boleskine fitted the bill. But Crowley grew restless, and some urgent business required that he take a break from the ritual to attend to business in Paris. This was a drastic mistake and many scholars of the occult claim that this was the beginning of Crowley becoming possessed, or entering into some sort of untreatable psychosis. Either way, Boleskine would never be the same.

Page talked about Boleskine in a 1970’s interview…..

”There were two or three owners before Crowley moved into it. It was also a church that was burned to the ground with the congregation in it. And that's the site of the house. Strange things have happened in that house that had nothing to do with Crowley. The bad vibes were already there. A man was beheaded there and sometimes you can hear his head rolling down. I haven't actually heard it, but a friend of mine, who is extremely straight and doesn't know anything about anything like that at all, heard it. He thought it was the cats bungling about. I wasn't there at the time, but he told the help, "Why don't you let the cats out at night? They make a terrible racket, rolling about in the halls." And they said, 'The cats are locked in a room every night." Then they told him the story of the house. So that sort of thing was there before Crowley got there. Of course, after Crowley there have been suicides, people carted off to mental hospitals…....”

This quote shows Page in some sort of denial, or more likely trying to play down Crowley's reputation for the music press. In truth,
it seems that Crowley caused quite a stir while he was there. The locals refused to walk by the house, even during daylight and wild rumours of black magic and diabolical goings-on circulated in the village. The malevolent presence in the house caused all sorts of disturbing phenomena that was to send one of his housemaids mad, and lead to the house becoming haunted by strange entities. Even the lodgekeeper, a total abstainer for twenty years, went on a three-day bender and tried to kill his wife and children.


Crowley’s magick lives on, and he is more popular today than he was when alive. Thelema, the belief system he synthesized is popular worldwide and the location of Boleskine House is claimed to be the Omphalos or Centre of Power for Thelema, and is to continue as such for the duration of the Aeon of Horus, which is roughly 2000 years ! Crowley-influenced groups such as O.T.O. Lodges and Gnostic Mass Temples are ideally to be oriented towards Boleskine. Page however no longer owns the house. Its now a family home, and the owners refuse to be interviewed. I haven’t heard any reports on how they deal with pilgrims, as there surely must be a few every now and then.

Crowley of course was one of the famous faces on the cover of The Beatles
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album alongside Mae West, W.C. Fields, Marilyn Monroe, Shirley Temple, Stan Laurel, Bob Dylan and a bunch of other folks that the fab four “admired.” The Stone’s also name-dropped The Beast as an inspiration and David Bowie has written about Uncle Aleister, notably in Quicksand and Station To Station, as have a myriad of Metal bands, some with tongue in cheek (one assumes) . And while Jim Morrison may have been married (briefly) to an initiated witch long before it was fashionable, and Marilyn Manson is rumoured to be fully paid up member of the Church Of Satan, it has taken the likes of Coil and Genesis P. Orridges’ outfit, Psychic TV, to move things up a notch.
Genesis P-Orridge always pushed the boundaries with situationist / performance art ensemble COUM transmissions in the late 60’s and 70’s . Their shows dealt with subjects such as prostitution, pornography, serial killers, and occultism. Having invented Industrial music with Throbbing Gristle, he went on to form Psychic TV, which received wider exposure, including some chart-topping singles.

On a live Psychic TV album, the introduction to one of the songs sums it all up.…
“We'd like to dedicate this concert to Alex Sanders who died today the Full Moon of Beltane who was known as "The King of the Witches" and who was the man who made witchcraft and magic legal in Britain after a long struggle. So we'd like you to remember that. But the war goes on!”

An offshoot of the band was Thee Temple Of Psychick Youth (TOPY), which
was intended to be the philosophical wing of Psychic TV, but also presented an image of being a cult-like fanclub for the group. Although P-Orridge left it in1991, Thee Temple continues to this day as an ever-evolving network of loosely connected people who are both artists and practitioners of chaos magick, which is a synthesis of modern witchcraft and the techniques of Austin Spare and Crowley. TOPY focuses on the psychic and magical aspects of the human brain linked with "guiltless sexuality". Heady stuff indeed. I blame it all on Robert Johnson.

Eamonn Dowd © 2009


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